High sulfate levels in water can lead to which health issue?

High sulfate levels in water can lead to diarrhea because sulfate acts as a laxative in the gastrointestinal system. When consumed in significant amounts, sulfates can cause osmotic diarrhea, where the presence of sulfate draws water into the intestines, leading to increased fluid output. This effect is more pronounced when individuals have not been exposed to sulfate before, as their digestive systems may not be accustomed to processing it efficiently. As a result, the body may respond by expelling waste more rapidly, producing loose stools or diarrhea.

Sulfate's impact on digestion is significant in understanding how it can become a health concern, particularly in areas where water sources might contain elevated sulfate concentrations. It's essential for water treatment operators to monitor and manage sulfate levels to ensure water quality and minimize potential health risks associated with its consumption.